REVIEW ARTICLE
Retinacula Cutis of Facial Ligaments as Potential Injection Targets in Facial Rejuvenation
Julius Garcia Gatmaitan, Jolene Kristine Garcia Gatmaitan-Dumlao, Johannes Flores Dayrit
ABSTRACT: The increasing demand for bioremodelling in aesthetic practice has highlighted the need for standardised anatomical frameworks to ensure reproducible and safe treatment outcomes. This manuscript presents a review of an injection-point framework that specifically targets the retinacula cutis (RC) and retaining ligaments (RL) to enhance soft-tissue support. These anatomical structures form a continuous multifibrillar network that compartmentalises facial fat and distributes mechanical forces across tissues. By stimulating both papillary and reticular fibroblasts, targeted injections may promote the production of collagen and elastin, thereby reinforcing the extracellular matrix (ECM) and improving skin firmness. Ultimately, this framework serves as a reproducible foundation for clinicians to achieve more precise, anatomically sound facial rejuvenation.
Keywords: Retinacula cutis, Retaining ligaments, Extracellular matrix, Biostimulators, Bioremodelling
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